The Second Vatican Council

Document Type : Original Article

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Abstract

The Second Vatican Council was a milestone in the history of the Roman Catholic Church, and it greatly reconciled the church with the modern world. In this council, which lasted from 1962 to 1965, progressives and conservatives rallied against each other, resulting in the passage of sixteen largely progressive documents. The most important aspects of the renewal of Catholic teachings are: diversity of languages and cultures in worship, Christian unity, religious coexistence, episcopal collegiality, justice, and the position of lay people in the church. The council had social and theological backgrounds. Socially, the situation of Catholics in poor countries greatly influenced thefinal documents. Theologically, the ideas of modern theologians such as Teilhard de Chardin, Henri de Lubac, Yves Congar, and Karl Rahnner were also very influential. After the Second Vatican Council, Roman Catholic piety was also revived, and in particular, Mother Teresa of Calcutta and Henri Nouwen were prominent in this regard.

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