Crossley, Pamela Kyle (1997). The Manchus, Cambridge: Blackwell Press.
Frankel, James (2011). Rectifying God’ s Name: Liu Zhi’ s Confucian Translation of Monotheism and Islamic Law, Honolulu: University of Hawai’ i Press.
“Freedom of Religious Belief in China” (1997). http://www.china.org.cn/e - white/ Freedom/f - 5.htm, accessed July 2011.
Huntington, Samuel P. (1993). “The Clash of Civilizations?” in: Foreign Affairs 72 (3): 22-49.
Huntington, Samuel P. (1996). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, New York: Simon & Schuster, Chinese Islam 259.
Leslie, Donald (1986). Islam in Traditional China: A Short History to 1800, Canberra: Canberra College of Advanced Education.
Lipman, Jonathan N. (1990). “Ethnic Violence in Modern China: Hans and Huis in Gansu, 1781 – 1929.” In: J. N. Lipman and S. Harrell, eds., Violence in China: Essays in Culture and Counterculture, Albany: State University of New York Press.
Lipman, Jonathan N. (1997). Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China, Seattle: University of Washington Press.
)